Currently, 720 million women worldwide were married as children. Growing recognition of the profound harm of child marriage has prompted many organizations and governments to introduce new strategies to curb the practice. The Impact on Marriage: Program Assessment of Conditional Cash Transfers (IMPACCT) study by the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) adds to the existing evidence on conditional cast transfers (CCTs) as a possible solution to delay the age of marriage and improve opportunities for girls and women. This brief draws on systematic reviews and evaluates CCTs across the globe to identify some of the main lessons and critiques on the ways in which cash transfer programs have addressed women’s and girls’ empowerment and/or gender inequality. In view of emerging arguments around the effectiveness of CCTs, the brief focuses on answering the following questions: a) How do the CCTs influence gender equality outcomes? and b) Are the select CCTs gender-transformative, and in what ways?